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In July 2025, the Human Rights Council of Balochistan (HRCB) documented 112 cases of enforced disappearance. Of these, 89 remain missing, 15 were later released, and 8 were killed extrajudicially in custody.
During the same month, 49 people were killed — including 44 men and 5 women. State forces were implicated in the majority of these deaths.
Enforced Disappearances
- Total: 112 cases (106 first-time abductions; 6 repeat disappearances)
- Minors: 8 children abducted; 1 killed in custody, 1 released, 5 still missing.
- Methods: 77 in house raids; 27 from streets, shops, or workplaces; 6 at checkpoints; 2 after being summoned to military camps.
- Perpetrators: Frontier Constabulary (49), Counter Terrorism Department (32), intelligence agencies (25), state-backed death squads (6).
- Victims’ Backgrounds: Students (17), shopkeepers (12), drivers (6), labourers (4), plus farmers, tailors, professionals, and even government employees.
- Hotspots: Kech (34), Quetta (16), Gwadar (13), Awaran (11), with others across Balochistan and Karachi, as well as Islamabad.
Killings
- Total: 49 (44 men, 5 women).
- Custodial killings: 15.
- Other causes: targeted killings (8), staged encounters (3), indiscriminate firing (3), alleged encounters (5), honour killings (4), unidentified causes (11).
- Perpetrators:
- Frontier Constabulary (17)
- Counter Terrorism Department (3)
- State-backed death squads (6)
- Insurgent groups BLA (6) and BLF (4)
- Family members (4, honour killings)
- Unknown assailants (9)
Over half (53%) of the killings were attributed to state forces or their affiliates.
Other Incidents
- Crackdown on Protests: On 5 July, police opened fire on a peaceful Baloch Yakjehti Committee (BYC) rally in Hub, detaining several activists, relatives of the disappeared, and even female protesters.
- Arbitrary Arrests of Activists:
- Gulzar Dost, a social activist, was abducted on 7 July, charged under fabricated speech-related offences, and later released on bail.
- Dr Shali and Women Forum activists were arrested in Gwadar on 25 July, accused of “anti-state activities.”
- BYC leaders, including Dr Mahrang Baloch, were handed extended police remand.
- A secret FIR was registered against Sammi Deen Baloch on 27 July, declaring her a fugitive without due legal process.
Patterns of Repression
The July data underscores a systematic use of:
- Enforced disappearances as a tool of intimidation.
- Collective punishment through house raids, checkpoints, and forced displacement.
- Custodial torture and killings to eliminate dissent.
- Targeting of students, professionals, and activists, with minors increasingly at risk.
- Criminalisation of civil society groups like BYC and Women Forum.
Conclusion
With 112 disappearances and 49 killings in a single month, July 2025 represents one of the gravest escalations of human rights abuses in Balochistan this year. The majority of violations were carried out by state agencies, often with complete impunity.
The HRCB calls on international human rights organisations, governments, and civil society to urgently address this deteriorating situation and demand accountability for the ongoing violations in Balochistan.
Human Rights Council of Balochistan – HRCB (Hakkpaan) is a non-profit and non-partisan human rights group based in Balochistan and Sweden. It collects reports from Balochistan, a region Pakistan government does not allow any media and HR group to visit and report. Human rights violations in Balochistan is not a new phenomenon, but it got its worst levels after the Military coup de tat of Pakistan in 1999. Thousands of Baloch have been reported missing, hundreds killed in fake encounters and so-called kill and dump policy of the military. HRCB collects the data from Balochistan itself, through its network of volunteers and supporters, organizes and reports them to the human rights mechanisms of the world.
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